Intervensi Gizi dan Ramuan Jamu untuk Diabetes terhadap Kadar Gula Darah Di RRJ Hortus Medicus

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) adalah penyakit metabolik yang berlangsung kronik progresif, dengan gejala hiperglikemi, yang disebabkan oleh gangguan sekresi insulin, gangguan kerja insulin, atau keduanya. Prevalensi penderita DM di dunia maupun di Indonesia meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Penatalaksanaan diabetes mellitus meliputi edukasi, terapi gizi medis, latihan jasmani/aktivitas fisik serta intervensi farmakologi. Ramuan jamu yang terdiri atas Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata), Brotowali (Tinospora crispa), Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza), kunyit (Curcuma domestica) dan Meniran (Phyllanthus niruri) melalui uji praklinik dan klinik telah terbukti dapat menurunkan kadar gula darah. Di Rumah Riset Jamu (RRJ) “Hortus Medicus†selama ini belum dilakukan intervensi gizi terhadap penderita DM tipe 2. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh intervensi gizi dan ramuan jamu anti diabetes terhadap kadar gula darah pasien di RRJ “Hortus Medicusâ€. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian the one group pre and post test. Intervensi gizi berupa edukasi gizi dan diet dilakukan selama kurang lebih 30 menit dilakukan pada saat pasien datang pertama kali serta dilakukan pengukuran kadar dula darah sewaktu. Selama 28 hari pasien juga diberikan ramuan jamu untuk diabetes. Setelah 28 hari kemudian dilakukan pemeriksaan kadar gula darah sewaktu dan evaluasi terhadap program diet. Penelitian yang telah dilakukan pada 35 orang subjek, terdapat penurunan kadar gula darah, hasil uji t-berpasangan menunjukkan perbedaan kadar gula darah sebelum dan sesudah intervensi (p value<0,05). Intervensi gizi dan ramuan jamu untuk diabetes pada penderita DM tipe 2 di RRJ Hortus Medicus Tawangmangu mampu menurunkan kadar gula darah sewaktu.

Kata kunci: Diabetes mellitus, intervensi gizi, ramuan jamu, kadar gula darah

ABSTRACT

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease that lasts a chronic progressive, with symptoms of hyperglycemia, which is caused by impaired insulin secretion, impaired insulin action, or both. The prevalence of diabetic patients in the world and in Indonesia increased from year to year. Management of diabetes mellitus are education, nutritional counseling, exercise and farmacology intervention. Herbs which consist of Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata), Brotowali (Tinospora crispa), Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza), kunyit (Curcuma domestica) dan Meniran (Phyllanthus niruri) can decreases blood glucosa level based on pre-clinical and clinical study.  Rumah Riset Jamu (RRJ) "Hortus Medicus" has not done nutritional counseling to patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. This study aims to look at the effect of nutritional counseling and herbs for diabetes to blood glucose levels of diabetic patients in RRJ “Hortus Medicusâ€. This study is preexperimental with the one group pretest and posttest design. Nutritional intervention which consist of nutritional and dietary counseling carried out for approximately 30 minutes when the patient comes first and the blood glucosa levels of patient was examined in the laboratory RRJ. For 28 days, patient must drinking herbs for diabetes. After 28 days later, blood glucose levels and dietary of patient was evaluated. The study was conducted on 35 subjects shown that the nutrition intervention and herbs for diabetes were decreases blood glucosa levels, paired t-test results showed a significant difference blood glucose levels before and after (p value <0.05). Nutritional intervention and herbs for diabetes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in RRJ Hortus Medicus Tawangmangu able to decrease in blood glucose levels.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, nutritional intervention, herbs, blood glucose levels