Jamur Endofit, Biodiversitas, Potensi dan Prospek Penggunaannya Sebagai Sumber Bahan Obat Baru
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25026/jtpc.v1i3.35Keywords:
Endhophytes, genetic transfer, biodiversityAbstract
Endhophytes microbes are microbes that live in colonies formed in plant tissues without harming its host plant. Endhophytes was first reported in 1904. Each higher plants may contain some Endhophytes microbes that produce secondary metabolites as a product of coevolution or genetic transfer occurred (genetic recombination) from its host plants to microbial Endhophytes. Endhophytes originating from areas with high biodiversity have the potential to generate chemical diversity is also high and has a future economic prospects.
Key words : Endhophytes, genetic transfer, biodiversity
ABSTRAK
Mikroba Endofit adalah mikroba yang hidup membentuk koloni di dalam jaringan tanaman tanpa membahayakan tanaman inangnya. Endofit dilaporkan pertama kali pada tahun 1904. Setiap tanaman tingkat tinggi dapat mengandung beberapa mikroba endofit yang menghasilkan metabolit sekunder sebagai akibat koevolusi atau terjadi transfer genetik (genetic recombination) dari tanaman inangnya ke mikroba endofit. Endofit yang berasal dari daerah dengan biodiversitas tinggi memiliki potensi menghasilkan keanekaragaman kimiawi yang juga tinggi dan mempunyai prospek ekonomi dimasa depan.
Kata kunci : Endofit, transfer genetik, biodiversitas.
Downloads
References
2.Gunatilaka A.A., 2006.Natural Products from Plant-Associated Microorganism: Distribution,
Structural Diversity, Bioactivity, and Implications of Their Occurrence. J. Nat. Prod. 2006. 69: 509-526
3.Lu, H.; Zou, W.X.; Meng, J.C.; Hu, J.; & Tan, R.X. 2000, New Bioactive Metabolites Produced by Colletotrichum sp., an Endophytic Fungus in Artemisia annua. Plant Sci. 151: 73-76
4.Maksum, R. 2005,Peranan Bioteknologi dan Mikroba Endofit Dalam Perkembangan Obat Herbal. Maj. Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia.Vol.II, No.3. Desember 2005: 113-126
5.Prasetyoputri, A.; & Atmosukarto, I. 2006, Mikroba Endofit: Sumber Molekul Acuan Baru
yang Berpotensi.BioTrends. Vol I. No.2. 2006: 13-15
6.Proksch, P.; Edrada, R.A.; & Ebel, R. 2003, Review: Drugs from the Sea – Opportunities and Obstacles.Mar. Drugs 1, 5-17.
7.Schulz, B.; & Boyle, C. 2006,What Are Endophytes? dalam: Schulz, B.; Boyle, C.; & Sieber, T.N. (Eds.). Soil Biology. Volume 9. Microbial Root Endophytes. Springer-Verlag. Berlin Heidelberg. 2006: 1-13.
8.Strobel, G.A. 2002,Microbial gifts from rain forests.Can. J. Plant Pathol. 24: 14-20.
9.Strobel, G.A.; & Daisy, B. 2003,Bioprospecting for Microbial Endophytes and Their Natural Products. Microbiol.and Mol. Biology Rev. Dec 2003. Vol.67. No. 4: 491-502.
10.Strobel, G.A.; Daisy, B.; Castillo, U.; & Harper, J.2004,Natural Product from Endophytic Microorganism. J. Nat. Prod. 2004. 67: 257-268
11.Strobel, G.A.; Miller, R.V.; Miller, C.; Condron, M.; Teplow, D.B.; & Hess W.M. 2000,
Cryptocandin, a potent antimycotic from endophytic fungus Cryptosporiopsis quercina. Microbiology 145: 1919-1926.
12.Tejesvi, M.V.; Nalini, M.S.; Mahesh, B.; Prakash, H.S.; Kini, K.R.; Shetty, H.S.; & Ven, S.
2007,New Hopes From Endhopythic Fungal Secondary metabolite. Bol. Soc. QuÃm. Méx., 1(1): 19-26
13.Tan, R.X.; & Zou, W.X. 2001,Endophytes: a rich source of functional metabolites. Nat. Prod. Rep.18 : 448-459
